Climate Reconstructions

The NOAA Paleoclimatology Program archives reconstructions of past climatic conditions derived from paleoclimate proxies, in addition to the Program's large holdings of primary paleoclimatic proxy data. Included are reconstructions of past temperature, precipitation, vegetation, streamflow, sea surface temperature, and other climatic or climate-dependent conditions.

Air Temperature

Global and Hemispheric Temperature, NAO, and SOI, 2000 Years, Jones and Mann 2004.

Global Temperature Data, 1000 Years, Jones et al. 1998

Global Temperature Patterns and Spatial Distribution, 600 Years, Mann et al. 2000.

Global Temperature, 600 Years, Mann et al. 1998.

Global Temperature, 500 Years, Pollack et al. 1998.

Vostok Temperature, 414,000 Years, Petit et al. 1999.

Northern Hemisphere and Regional Scale Temperature, 600 Years, Briffa et al. 2001.

Northern Hemisphere Temperature, 600 Years, Briffa et al. 1998.

Northern Hemisphere Temperature, 1000 Years, Crowley and Lowery 2000.

Northern Hemisphere Temperature, 1000 Years, Esper et al. 2002.

Northern Hemisphere Temperature, 500 Years, Huang 2004.

Hemispheric Temperature, NAO, and SOI, 1000 Years, Jones et al. 2001.

Northern Hemisphere Temperature, 1000 Years, Mann et al. 1999.

Hemispheric Temperature, 2000 Years, Mann and Jones 2003.

Northern Hemisphere Temperature, 2000 Years, Moberg et al. 2005.

Arctic Temperature, 400 Years, Overpeck et al. 1997

China Temperature, 2000 Years, Yang et al. 2002.

East China Winter Temperature, 2000 Years, Ge et al. 2003.

Beijing, China Temperature, 2650 Years, Tan et al. 2003.

Yamal Peninsula, western Siberia, Summer Temperature, 4000 Years, Hantemirov and Shiyatov 2002.

Kathmandu, Nepal, Pre- and Post- Monsoon Temperature, 550 Years, Cook et al. 2003.

New Zealand Temperature, 270 Years, Xiong and Palmer 2000.

Tasmania Temperature, 3600 Years, Cook et al. 2000

Lake Malawi, East Africa Surface Temperature, 25,000 Years, Powers et al. 2005.

European Gridded and Regional Summer Temperature, 225 Years, Briffa 1988.

Burgundy Spring-Summer Temperature, 630 Years, Chuine et al. 2004.

Northern Coastal Norway Temperature, 650 Years, Kirchhefer 2001

Greenland Temperature, 49,000 Years, Alley 2000

Baffin Island Summer Temperature, 500 Years, Hughen et al. 2000.

Baffin Island Summer Temperature, 1200 Years, Moore et al. 2001.

Northwest Canada Temperature, 350 Years, Szeicz et al. 1995.

Gulf of Alaska March-May, March-Sept., and April-Sept. Temperature, 400 Years, Wiles et al. 1998.

USA Pacific Northwest Temperature, 250 Years, Wiles et al. 1996.

Western North America Gridded and Regional Summer Temperature, 400 Years, Briffa et al. 1992.

Large Scale North American Temperature and Precipitation reconstructions and Description, 400 Years, Fritts 1991.

Hydroclimate

NOAA/NESDIS North American Drought Variability project (includes Tree-ring reconstructed PDSI).

U.S. PDSI, text or Mircosoft Excel, 280 Years, Zhang et al. 2004.

East Africa Drought, 1100 Years, Verschuren et al. 2000.

Western U.S. Drought Area Index, 1200 Years, Cook et al. 2004.

U.S. Drought Area Index, 270 Years, Cook et al. 1997.

Southwest US Drought Index, 570 Years, Cook unpublished data.

East USA Lost Colony/Jamestown Droughts, 800 Years, Stahle et al. 1998.

North American PDSI, 2000 Years, Cook et al. 2004.

North American Great Plains Drought, 2300 Years, Laird et al. 1996.

North American Great Plains Drought, 11,000 Years, Laird et al. 1996.

Eastern Colorado PDSI, 440 Years, Woodhouse et al. 2001.

Texas PDSI, 280 Years, Stahle and Cleaveland 1988.

Northeastern Utah PDSI, 600 Years, Gray et al. 2003.

Northern California and Nevada Multicentennial Droughts, 7600 Years, Benson et al. 2002.

Central American Drought and the Classic Maya Civilization, 9700 Years, Hodell et al. 1995.

Upper Mississippi Basin Aridity, 10,000 Years, Dean et al. 1997.

A Paleo Perspective on North American Drought

East African Precipitation 40,000 Years, Bonnefille and Chalié 2000.

Huashuan, China Precipitation, 400 Years, Hughes et al. 1994.

Mongolia Riverflow and Precipitation Reconstructions, 350 Years, Pederson et al. 2001.

Turkey Precipitation 350 Years, D'Arrigo and Cullen 2001.

Southwest Turkey Precipitation 660 Years, Touchan et al. 2003.

Bavarian Forest Spring-Summer Precipitation, 500 Years, Wilson et al. 2005.

Scotland Precipitation, 3600 Years, Proctor et al. 2002.

Scotland Precipitation, 1000 Years, Proctor et al. 2000.

Southern Manitoba precipitation reconstruction, 595 Years, St. George and Nielsen 2002.

Durango, Mexico precipitation reconstruction, 610 Years, Cleaveland et al. 2003.

Chihuahua, Mexico precipitation reconstruction, 350 Years, Díaz et al. 2002.

Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico, precipitation reconstruction, 220 Years, Pohl et al. 2003.

Northeast USA Little Ice Age Precipitation, 2000 Years, Gajewski 1988.

Eastern Oregon Precipitation and PDSI, 300 Years, Garfin and Hughes 1997.

Montpelier Plantation, Virginia Precipitation, 180 Years, Druckenbrod et al. 2003.

Arizona and New Mexico Climate Division Precipitation, 1000 Years, Ni et al. 2002.

El Malpais, New Mexico Precipitation, 2129 Years, Grissino 1996.

Nevada Precipitation, 8000 Years, Hughes and Graumlich 1996.

Southeast USA Precipitation and PDSI reconstructions, 1000 Years, Stahle and Cleaveland 1992.

Iowa Precipitation and PDSI reconstructions, 340 Years, Cleaveland and Duvick 1992.

Missouri Precipitation and PDSI reconstructions, 400 Years, Cleaveland and Stahle 1996.

Large Scale North American Temperature and Precipitation reconstructions and Description, 400 Years, Fritts 1991.

Burdekin River, Australia Streamflow, 350 Years, Isdale et al. 1998.

Colorado River and tributaries flow reconstructions, Text or Microsoft Excel format, 500 Years, Stockton and Jacoby 1976.

Sacramento River, California flow reconstruction, 1109 Years, Meko et al. 2001.

Yellowstone River, Montana flow reconstruction, 270 Years, Graumlich et al. 2003.

TreeFlow Project - Tree Ring Reconstructions of Streamflow for Colorado

Clear Creek Colorado Annual Flow Reconstruction, 300 Years, Woodhouse 2000.

Middle Boulder Creek Colorado Flow Reconstruction, 280 Years, Woodhouse 2001.

White River, Arkansas flow reconstruction, 963 Years, Cleaveland 2000.

White River, Arkansas flow reconstruction, 280 Years, Cleaveland and Stahle 1989.

Global Lake Level Histories

Chesapeake Bay Salinity reconstructions, text or Excel format, 550 Years, Cronin et al. 2000.

Michigan Water Table Depth Reconstruction, 3,500 Years, Booth and Jackson 2003.

Gunnison River Basin Snow Water Equivalent Reconstruction, 430 Years, Woodhouse 2003.

San Francisco Bay Salinity reconstructions, 390 Years, Stahle et al. 2001.

Caribbean Sea Salinity reconstructions, 130,000 Years, Schmidt et al. 2004.

Northern England Peatland Water Table, 4800 Years, Charman 2000.

Atmospheric Circulation Patterns

Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 330 Years, Biondi et al. 2001.

Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 300 Years, D'Arrigo et al. 2001.

Niño 3 Index, 575 Years, Cook unpublished.

Niño 3 Index and Description, 330 Years, Mann et al. 2000.

El Niño Events, 500 Years, Quinn and Neal 1983.

Southern Oscillation Index, 270 Years, Stahle et al. 1998.

Arctic Oscillation Warm Season SAT and SLP Indices, 325 Years, D'Arrigo et al. 2003.

Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Index, 420 Years, Gray et al. 2004.

North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 600 Years, Cook et al. 2002.

North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 280 Years, Cook et al. 1998.

North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 550 Years, Glueck and Stockton 2001.

North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 500 Years, Luterbacher et al. 2002.

North Atlantic Oscillation Index, Southern Oscillation Index, 1000 Years, Jones et al. 2001.

Eastern North Atlantic-European Sea Level Pressure Reconstruction, 500 Years, Luterbacher et al. 2002.

Increase in the Asian SW Monsoon During the Past Four Centuries, 400 Years, Anderson et al. 2002.

Sea Surface Temperature

Global LGM Sea Surface Temperature and Description, 18,000 Years Before Present, Mix et al. 1999.

Global Sea Surface Temperature, Holocene/Modern, Bollmann et al. 2002.

Global Gridded LGM Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity and Description, 18,000 Years Before Present, Paul and Schäfer-Neth 2003.

Global Gridded LGM Sea Surface Temperature and Description, 18,000 Years Before Present, Hostetler and Mix 1999.

Global CLIMAP LGM Sea Surface Temperature, 18,000 Years Before Present, CLIMAP Members 1981.

Pacific SST Reconstructions and Description, 400 Years, Evans et al. 2002.

Eastern Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 1,830,000 Years, Liu and Herbert 2004.

Southwest Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 340,000 Years, Pahnke et al. 2003.

Southwest Pacific LGM Sea Surface Temperature and Description, 18,000 Years Before Present, Barrows et al. 2000.

Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 470,000 Years, Lea et al. 2000.

Western Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 1,750,000 Years, de Garidal-Thoron et al. 2005

Western Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity, text or Excel format, 15,000 Years, Stott et al. 2004.

South China Sea Alkenone Deglacial SST Estimates, 3,000-16,000 Years Before Present, Kienast et al. 2001

South China Sea Coral Sr Data and SST Reconstruction, 100 Years, Sun et al. 2004

California Current Collapse, LGM, 18,000 Years Before Present, Herbert et al. 2001

Strait of Juan de Fuca SST, 155 Years, Strom et al. 2004

Rarotonga Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 270 Years, Linsley et al. 2000.

Southern Peru-Chile Current Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 8,000 Years, Lamy et al. 2002.

Southern Peru-Chile Current Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 50 KyrBP-8 KYr BP, Lamy et al. 2004.

Great Barrier Reef Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 440 Years, Wörheide 1998.

Vanuatu Sea Surface Temperature, 4200 Years Before Present, Correge et al. 2000.

Subtropical Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, 23,000 Years, deMenocal et al. 2000.

Cariaco Basin Sea Surface Temperature, 25,000 Years, Lea et al. 2003.

North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, 107,000 Years, Bard 2002.

Equatorial Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature and Description, 30,000 Years, Sikes and Keigwin 1994.

Equatorial and North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature and Description, 125,000 Years, Waelbroeck et al. 1998.

Chesapeake Bay Spring Temperature, 2,200 Years, Cronin et al. 2003.

Northeast Caribbean Sea Surface Temperature, 1,950 Years, Nyberg et al. 2002.

Northeast Caribbean Sea Surface Temperature, 300 Years, Winter et al. 2000.

Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature, 171,000 Years, Bard et al. 1997.

Southern Ocean Sea Surface Temperature, 200,000 Years, Brathauer et al. 1999.

Southern Ocean Sea Surface Temperature, 290,000 Years, Mashiotta et al. 1999.

Other

North American Vegetation, 18,000 Years Before Present, Overpeck et al. 1992.

European Vegetation (BIOME6000), 6000 Years Before Present, Prentice et al. 1996.

Global Ice Topography, 21,000 Years, Peltier 1994.

Global Ice Coverage, 21,000 Years, Peltier 1994.

Global Relative Sea Level Histories, 21,000 Years, Peltier and Tushingham 1992.

Tahiti Relative Sea Level History, 13,000 Years, Bard et al. 1996.

"Climate Since AD 1500" Collected reconstructions, 500 Years, Bradley and Jones 1992.